When people talk about age-related hearing loss, they are usually referring to presbycusis. It becomes more common as we get older, affects more than half of adults by age 75, develops gradually over time, and usually affects both ears.
What does presbycusis affect?
Presbycusis mainly affects high-pitched sounds. You might struggle to hear birds chirping, a phone ringing, or conversations in noisy places, while still hearing low rumbling sounds like traffic. It often makes understanding speech in busy environments especially difficult.
What about tinnitus?
Another common age-related condition is tinnitus, where a person hears ringing, buzzing, hissing or roaring in the ears. Presbycusis and tinnitus can occur together.
What causes hearing loss?
There are different types of hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by problems in the inner ear or nerve damage, and presbycusis falls into this category. Conductive hearing loss occurs when sounds cannot reach the inner ear properly, for example due to wax buildup or ear infections. Mixed hearing loss is a combination of both types.
When should you see a doctor?
Book a check-up if you notice increasing difficulty hearing, or if family or friends say you are not hearing well. Seek urgent medical advice if hearing loss happens suddenly, within hours or a day, as sudden hearing loss can sometimes require prompt treatment to prevent permanent damage.
Do you need tests?
Your doctor will examine your ears using an otoscope and may refer you for audiometry if needed. An audiologist performs audiometry by playing sounds through headphones to measure the type of hearing loss, the severity, and whether both ears are affected.
How is hearing loss treated?
For presbycusis, treatment usually involves hearing aids. Modern hearing aids are much smaller, more comfortable and more effective than older models. It may take time to find the right fit and settings, but they can significantly improve quality of life. Other causes, such as wax or infection, may require simple treatments.
Can hearing loss be prevented?
Some forms can be prevented. Avoid loud noise exposure and use ear protection, such as earplugs or noise-reducing headphones, when needed. Your hearing is vital to communication, safety and quality of life, so do not ignore changes.
Key takeaways
- Presbycusis is common, gradual, and usually affects both ears.
- High-pitched sounds are usually affected first.
- Sudden hearing loss needs urgent medical attention.
- Hearing aids are the main treatment for age-related hearing loss.